![]() They're a bit unclear whether they return an object to allow me to perform the API call or if it actually sends the email for example. Something is "happening".Ī few good examples from REAL projects I worked on before: def get_orders(): □ Functions and Methods should be verbsįunctions and methods represent an action or actionable stuff. It gets less hard when you define some guidelines. □ Naming classes, functions, and variables They give you a strong sense of knowing what might exist inside.You can at any moment break it down into smaller modules if required.The beauty about having plural modules is that: I can understand that I might have one or many exception classes inside exceptions and so on. It seems very natural to import classes and functions like: from gmaps_crawler.storages import get_storageįrom gmaps_crawler.exceptions import CantEmitPlace ![]() This is the current project tree outlining exceptions to the #3 rule: gmaps_crawler This project is responsible for crawling data from Google Maps using Selenium and outputting it ( Read more here if curious). I'll share a Google Maps Crawler project that I built as an example. Use your judgment, if in doubt stick to the plural rule. There're exceptions to this rule though! Modules can be named core, main.py, and similar to represent a single thing. Java and C#).Īs a rule of thumb, name your modules in the plural and name them after a business context. Often, people think it’s a bad practice due to some experience with other languages that enforce the other way around (e.g. Only break it down when your module gets too big, or when it handles different concerns. (when classes are related to the module, obviously.) It’s fine to have several classes within a single module, and you should do so. It can have virtually all of them or just a bunch of some. I mean namespace because you can't say for sure whether they have many functions, classes, or just constants. If you're inside a directory that contains any _init_.py it's a directory composed of modules, not files. □️ How to name filesįirst of all, in Python there are no such things as "files" and I noticed this is the main source of confusion for beginners. We're going to discuss how to solve this soon in this chapter. We need to set up the project to be installed under this repository. ![]() The only drawback of doing it is that you can't import module_a in your python code out of the box. The main reason behind the src dir is to keep active project code concentrated inside a single directory while settings, CI/CD setup, and project metadata can reside outside of it. It's boring to have things so apart due to the alphabetical sorting of the IDE. This is quite annoying because of the lack of order, producing things like (example): non_recommended_project Some variations include no src dir with all project modules around the tree. I've seen many projects doing differently. If in doubt, consider what people would pip install and how you would like to import module.įrequently it has the same name as the top project. I recommend you to keep all your module files inside a src dir, and all tests living side by side with it: ![]() Let's focus first on directory structure, file naming, and module organization. This is not necessarily bad if you know what you're doing.ĭuring this chapter, I'm going to present to you guidelines that worked for me over the past working in different companies and with many different people. Many decisions that are easy to implement may backfire producing code that is extremely hard to maintain. Do you need to modify a function behavior? Why not a decorator!?.Do you need to read an os environment var? Just read it right there.Do you want to keep all project classes in a single main.py file? Yes, it works.So far Python is one of the most flexible languages I had contact with and everything too flexible enhances the odds of bad decisions. Python is different from languages like C# or Java where they enforce you to have classes named after the file they live in. □ Python For every minute spent in organizing, an hour is earned.
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